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The FL-180 (also written FL 180 or FL180) is California’s Judgment form — the document that legally ends a marriage or legal separation and makes the court’s orders on property, child custody and support enforceable. Once a judge signs it, it is the closest thing California issues to a divorce certificate.
You file the FL-180 at the end of your case, after you and your spouse reach a settlement or the court decides the terms. It is almost never filed alone: it needs the right attachments (FL-341, FL-342, FL-343 or a Marital Settlement Agreement) depending on whether your case involves children, support or property.
Errors on the FL-180 are one of the most common reasons California judgment packets get rejected, which can add months to a case that already has a mandatory 6-month wait. This guide walks through every section of the form line by line, with annotated screenshots, the attachments each box triggers, and the mistakes that cause rejections.
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The FL-180 is the official Judgment form created by California to finalize divorces, legal separations, and annulments.
This is as close as you get to a divorce certificate. It provides legal documentation of the court’s decisions on dividing assets, child custody, and support.
Your divorce will not be finalized if you do not properly complete the FL-180, even if you and your spouse agree on all aspects of the divorce.
The FL-180 finalizes the terms of a divorce and is enforced in default divorces, uncontested divorces, and contested divorces. In default divorces, it finalizes terms on asset division, child custody, and support when one spouse fails to respond.
In uncontested divorces, it confirms the terms agreed to by both spouses, while in contested divorces, it reflects the binding orders of the judge after a trial.
The FL-180 Form can be used in a dissolution (divorce), legal separation, nullity (annulment), or termination of a domestic partnership.
In addition, when a judgment FL-180 Form is filed with the court, it finalizes either temporary orders or orders made by the court after a trial.
Once the FL-180 is finalized, the two parties’ child custody, financial, and property obligations become enforceable judgments at law that both parties are legally bound to comply with.
The Judgment form, FL-180, includes:
Check all that apply:
Missing information or documents can delay or invalidate your judgment, which can make you go through the key stages of a divorce much slower.
Submit the Judgment form, FL-180, after reaching your settlement or court trial. If parties have reached an agreement, like a Marital Settlement Agreement, it will be attached to the FL-180.
Make sure to avoid unnecessary delays by:
Time frame for processing: 4-12 weeks.
You can proceed through the divorce timeline in California quickly with no errors slowing you down if you file the divorce forms correctly. This guide will take you through every step of the judgment filing, from preparing your documents to filing, helping you avoid rejections.
You’ll want to start off strong with a complete set of paperwork in hand. The required documents you will need are:
Pro Tip: You can create a folder specifically for the divorce – digital or paper – to stay organized. You can save yourself weeks of processing by having all forms available.
You need to be precise and accurate when filling these sections to prevent the courts from rejecting your form. Here’s how to do it section by section:
Attorney or Self-Represented Party:
Contact Details:
Pro Tip: Self-represented parties should write “SELF-REPRESENTED” in the attorney field.
Mark one box only:
For Dissolution:
Legal Note: “Nunc pro tunc” is rare – consult an attorney before using.
Safety Alert: These orders are enforceable immediately upon signing.
Only check one:
Complete all applicable sub-sections:
Pro Tip: For default cases, include service date (Proof of Service required).
Attach either document depending on your situation:
A. Custody/Visitation:
B. Child Support: FL-342
Required: Complete FL-191 (Registry Form) within 10 days.
Attach either document depending on your situation:
A. Spousal Support:
B. Property Division:FL-345
Key Advice: Describe assets/debts with specific identifiers (account numbers, VINs).
Critical Tips:
File the original completed form along with the required copies with the court clerk to finalize your submission.
Failure to include the right court forms can result in your Judgment being rejected. For child support orders, you must include:
If a property needs to be divided, it is important to address the details for ownership. For example, include instructions on when the title will transfer or whether the mortgage must be refinanced, and by when, by the party taking ownership.
If pensions are being split, you will want to include instructions on who will be responsible to obtain the QDRO and the timing to do so. If an account has to be closed or funds divided, by when and who is responsible to do so.
Deadly Error: If you fail to later obtain a QDRO for your retirement accounts, the court cannot enforce the division.
To file your Judgment, FL-180, either file it in person, send it by mail, or e-file where permitted by each county’s rules–check local court websites.
If you are filing online or doing it by yourself, be sure that all online filings are formatted and include payment confirmations.
Once you submit your FL-180, you should keep your copies of each document you submitted as well as verification of filing (receipts, timestamps) for your personal records.
If you file by mail, include a self-addressed stamped envelope for your copies. Your filing date is the date the clerk files your papers, not the day you mail them; use tracked mail if you want proof they arrived. If you filed electronically, be sure to preserve your confirmation emails.
To verify court acceptance of your FL-180, contact the clerk’s office 4 weeks after your filing.
When calling, have your case number on hand and confirm the status of your FL-180 form. Many courts have online case tracking systems as well.
For DIY uncontested divorces, look for a notice in the mail, it might state the next steps or a signed judgment copy. If you do not receive a notice within 30 days, follow up promptly.
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Once your FL-180 judgment is entered, a party can ensure compliance with the orders of the court by either filing a motion with the court or enforcing the judgment via wage garnishment.
However, modifications to permanent spousal support will require a substantial change of circumstance—a loss of income, relocation, etc. The modifications will be filed via the FL-300.
In order to comply with asset division, support, or custody orders, you will want to take note of all deadlines and payments and then document the violations with bank statements, emails, or parenting logs explaining the violations.
If your spouse violates the judgment in some manner, you will want to file an Enforcement Motion or Earnings Assignment Order (FL-195).
You may ask the judge to impose whatever penalty is appropriate, including wage garnishment, or lien against property, or contempt of court for non-compliance.
Property division is final in a judgment, unless it was reserved. However, spousal and child support can be modified.
Child support is modifiable if the current child support is no longer guideline child support. Permanent spousal support can only be modified by agreement or demonstrating a significant change of circumstance.
These include events like losing a job , retirement, or significant changes of income.
Mistakes on your FL-180 might slow your case down or void orders resulting in monetary loss or reopening cases against you.
The settlement agreement, such as a Marital Settlement Agreement, should carefully list out the ownership for each asset and debt.
Avoiding the following mistakes is one of the many keys to a successful divorce:
Forgetting or hiding assets can subject you to court penalties and unfair distributions. Make sure you properly disclose these assets in your disclosure forms. Then, its good form to have them properly listed in your final agreement as to how the ownership is being awarded. Full disclosure will best protect you from future challenges and fairly distribute the property under California’s community property laws.
Mixing community property with separate property creates a disastrous enforcement situation.
It is imperative that one is able to clearly identify how ownership is being allocated in the final agreement. The court can only enforce what has been clearly written.
Vague child support orders are impossible to enforce. Specify written amounts, payments duration, and any required extraordinary expenses (education expense, health care needs).
Use the required calculator forms, such as FL-342, for required calculations. Specified terms help prevent petitions to modify the orders and help ensure that support payments continue steadily without issue.
Pro Tip: Have another person look at your forms before filing. Other people will catch errors you may miss and save yourself time and money when filing your papers.
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The FL-180 is critical for properly completing your California divorce. By completing the FL-180 correctly, you will ensure that any orders on property, custody, and support are enforceable.
Expert guidance can help you avoid unnecessary (and costly) mistakes.
The Complete Divorce provides an array of resources and checklists to make the process easier and more affordable.
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Yes. The FL-180 is California’s official divorce decree once signed by a judge and legally ends your marriage and enforces all court orders.
No. The judge signs the FL-180, so you don’t notarize it. If your judgment includes a written settlement agreement, your court may require the signatures on that agreement to be notarized.
A declaration for default is a sworn statement that your spouse did not respond (a default). An uncontested judgment means both agreed to terms (uncontested), and the court can now finalize your divorce without a trial.
The official FL-180 PDF is published free by the California Courts at courts.ca.gov. Always download the current revision directly from the court rather than a third-party copy, because clerks reject outdated form versions. The fillable PDF can be completed on screen, but it must be printed and filed with your county superior court.
Fill out the FL-180 in five steps: gather your settlement agreement and supporting forms, complete the form section by section (attorney/party details, court information, judgment type, hearing details, child orders, property and support orders), attach the required documents such as FL-341 or a Marital Settlement Agreement, submit the packet to your county court, then confirm acceptance with the clerk about 4 weeks later.
Which attachments you need depends on the boxes you check. Child custody and visitation requires FL-341. Child support requires FL-342 and a guideline calculation. Spousal support requires FL-343. Property division and most settled cases require a Marital Settlement Agreement. Checking a box without attaching its document is one of the most common causes of rejection.
Most California courts take 4 to 12 weeks to review and enter a judgment, depending on the county and backlog. Your divorce still cannot be final before 6 months and 1 day from the date your spouse was served. Call the clerk about 4 weeks after filing to confirm the FL-180 was accepted and entered.
The court returns the packet with a rejection notice explaining the defect, and nothing is entered until you correct and resubmit. Common causes are missing attachments, checked boxes with no supporting document, inconsistent terms between the FL-180 and the settlement agreement, an outdated form revision, and incomplete financial disclosures. Correcting and refiling restarts the review queue, not the 6-month waiting period.
